In addition to the Germanic, Hunnic, and Celtic tribes, the Romans also faced threats from other groups along their borders. The Sarmatians, a nomadic people from the Eurasian steppes, were known for their skilled cavalry and often raided Roman territories in the east. The Sarmatians’ presence in the Roman frontier regions, particularly along the

Another group that the Romans feared deeply were the Huns, a nomadic people from Central Asia who began invading Europe in the late 4th century AD. The Huns were infamous for their speed, mobility, and brutal tactics, and they became one of the most feared forces in the ancient world. The leader of the Huns, Attila, became a figure of terror for th

Throughout the history of the Roman Empire, a recurring theme was the looming presence of various tribes along its borders, often referred to as the "barbarians." To the Romans and the broader classical world, these tribes were frequently seen as the ultimate threat to the empire's stability and security. These so-called "barbarians" were often por

In 43 CE, the Romans, led by Emperor Claudius, invaded Britain. The Roman conquest was a turning point in Celtic history in England. Although many of the Celtic tribes resisted the Roman forces, the Romans eventually established control over most of the island. The Romans introduced Roman culture, infrastructure, and governance, which led to the de